- Title
- Layered aluminosilicate nanoskeletons: The structure and properties of nanoherbicide formulations
- Creator
- Paul, Santosh Kumar; Naidu, Ravi
- Relation
- Advances in Agronomy p. 301-345
- Publisher Link
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/bs.agron.2022.04.003
- Publisher
- Elsevier
- Resource Type
- book chapter
- Date
- 2022
- Description
- Weed management remains an important aspect in crop production to improve quality and production. Of the various weed management techniques (including physical, mechanical, cultural, biological and chemical), chemical control measures are prioritized and the first choice of crop growers, and are increasing because of rapid effects and ease of application. Although utilization of herbicides has become a dominant tool, available commercial formulations have the disadvantage that active ingredients that do not reach the target immediately after application (more than 90%) are lost by various mechanisms. These unused herbicides cause contamination of the surrounding environment through water movement and have diverse toxicological effects on plants, animals, and the environment. However, preparation of nanocomposite-supported controlled release formulations (CRFs) of herbicide is a major innovation that can prolong the duration of herbicide efficiency through stabilizing structure, inhibiting immediate release and reducing toxicity. Of the various nanomaterials, layered aluminosilicate is a suitable carrier for CRFs because of its eco-friendly nature. In this context, pristine clays could be modified through various processes. For example, cation exchange using organo-surfactants is a prerequisite for CRFs and converts clay particles from hydrophilic to hydrophobic, thereby facilitating entry of the herbicide into the gallery. In addition, it is important to use less toxic or non-toxic surfactants for clay modification to reduce the toxicological effects on the environment. This review addresses future research areas such as investigation/synthesis of bio-surfactants and their compatibility in clay modifications for CRFs of herbicides.
- Subject
- weed management; herbicides; controlled release formulations (CRFs); carrier materials; aluminosilicate; clay modification
- Identifier
- http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1462941
- Identifier
- uon:46596
- Identifier
- ISBN:9780323989596
- Language
- eng
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